Command: ls
Usage: The ls command lists the
files and subdirectories of the current directory you are
in. You can also add some arguments to the ls command to
make it more meaningful.
If you type "ls -F" it will append a
forward slash to the subdirectory names so you can
easily distinguish them from file names.
If you type "ls -a" it will show all hidden
files such as .htaccess files.
If you type "ls -l" it will show detailed
information about each file and directory, including
permissions, owners, size, and when the file was last
modified.
Example: Type "ls -al" at
a telnet command prompt and it will return your file names
including hidden files, and a forward slash will be inserted
in front of subdirectories.
DOS Equivalent: dir
Command: cp
Usage: The cp command copies a file
to a new location or filename. Simply type "cp
filename copyname" at a telnet command prompt and
replace filename with the name of the file you want
to copy, and copyname with the name of the new copy.
You can also add a directory structure if you want to
copy the file to a completely new location. Simply type
"cp filename directory/copyname" and
replace directory with the name of the directory in
which you want the new copy placed.
Example: Type "cp home.htm
index.html" at a telnet command prompt to copy a
file called home.htm to a file called index.html
DOS Equivalent: copy
Command: mv
Usage: The mv command renames a file
or moves it to a new location. Simply type "mv
oldfile newfile" at a telnet command prompt and
replace oldfile with the name of the file you want to
rename or move, and newfile with the new name of the
new file.
You can also add a directory structure if you want to
move the file to a completely new location. Simply type
"mv oldfile directory/newfile" and replace directory
with the name of the directory in which you want the file
moved.
Example: Type "mv test.conf
test.old.conf" at a telnet command prompt to move a
file called test.conf to a file called test.old.conf
DOS Equivalent: move, rename
Command: grep
Usage: The grep command finds lines
in files that match specified text patterns. Simply type
"grep "text" filenames" at a
telnet command prompt and replace "text"
with the word or phrase you want to search for, and replace filenames
with the files you want to search in. To search all files
in the current directory, simply replace filenames
with * .
Example: Type "grep "for
sale" *" at a telnet command prompt to find
any files in the current directory that contain the text
"for sale" in them.
Command: tar
Usage: The tar command copies a file
or files to or from an archive. To put all the files in a
directory into one tar format file, simply type "tar
cvf tarfile directory" at a telnet command prompt
and replace tarfile with the name you want to call
your archived file, and replace directory with the
name of the directory that contains the files you want to
tar.
To extract the files fram a tar format archive, simply
type "tar xvf tarfile at a telnet command prompt
and replace tarfile with the name of the archived
file you are extracting.
Example: Type "tar cvf pages.tar
htdocs" at a telnet command prompt to archive the
files in the htdocs directory to a tar format file
called pages.tar.
You could also type "tar xvf pages.tar"
at a telnet command prompt to extract into the current
directory the files in the archive pages.tar.
